LIVER FUNCTION TEST

Liver function tests (LFTs), also known as liver panel or hepatic function panel, are a group of blood tests that provide information about the status and health of the liver. These tests are commonly ordered by healthcare providers to assess how well the liver is functioning and to help diagnose liver diseases or conditions. Here are some common components of liver function tests:

  1. Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT): ALT is an enzyme found mainly in the liver. Elevated levels may indicate liver damage, such as from hepatitis or cirrhosis.

  2. Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST): Like ALT, AST is an enzyme found in the liver, but it is also present in other organs like the heart and muscles. Elevated AST levels can be a sign of liver damage or other conditions.

  3. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP): ALP is an enzyme found in the liver and bones. Elevated levels may suggest liver or bone disease.

  4. Total Bilirubin: Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down. Elevated levels may indicate liver dysfunction or other conditions affecting the liver's ability to process bilirubin.

  5. Direct Bilirubin: This measures a specific form of bilirubin and can help differentiate between different types of liver disorders.

  6. Albumin: Albumin is a protein produced by the liver. Low levels may suggest liver disease or dysfunction.

  7. Total Protein: This measures the total amount of proteins in the blood, including albumin and globulins.

  8. Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase (GGT): GGT is an enzyme found in the liver, bile ducts, and pancreas. Elevated levels may indicate liver or bile duct problems.

These tests are often ordered together as a panel, but not all may be included in every liver function test. The results of these tests are interpreted in combination to provide a comprehensive picture of liver health. It's important to note that abnormal results don't necessarily pinpoint a specific disease but indicate that further investigation may be needed.

Abnormal liver function test results may be caused by various factors, including viral hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cirrhosis, medications, and other liver disorders. If you have concerns about your liver health, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and diagnosis.